1. In 1610, the first governor of New Mexico, Pedro de Peralta, established the city of Santa Fe, which would go on to become the capital of the state.

2. In 1824, the first American trading party arrived in Santa Fe, marking the beginning of a thriving trade between New Mexico and the United States.

3. In 1861, Confederate troops occupied Albuquerque during the Civil War, but were forced to leave the following year when Union forces retook the city.

4. On April 17, 1907, New Mexico became the 47th state in the United States. The state's admission was delayed due to concerns over its population size and lack of state government infrastructure.

5. In 1950, the world's first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus, was launched in Connecticut. The ship's nuclear reactor was built in New Mexico, at Los Alamos National Laboratory.