1. The Missouri State Fair officially opened on August 16, 1901. The fair, held annually in Sedalia, has become one of the state's largest and most popular agricultural events, featuring exhibits, competitions, and entertainment for all ages.

2. On August 16, 1827, the city of Independence was officially founded in Jackson County. Independence went on to play a significant role in the westward expansion of the United States, serving as a starting point for both the Santa Fe and Oregon Trails.

3. The historic Ozark Trail, a scenic highway stretching from St. Louis to Joplin, was completed on August 16, 1928. The route was designed to take motorists through some of Missouri's most beautiful landscapes and has since been designated as a National Scenic Byway.

4. On August 16, 1861, the Battle of Wilson's Creek took place near Springfield. One of the earliest battles of the Civil War, it resulted in a Confederate victory and demonstrated the challenges and brutality of the conflict in Missouri.

5. The iconic Gateway Arch in St. Louis was completed on August 16, 1965. Designed by architect Eero Saarinen, the stainless steel monument stands 630 feet tall and has become an enduring symbol of both the city and the nation.