1. In 1876, a group of Lakota Sioux warriors under the leadership of Chief Crazy Horse defeated the United States Army in the Battle of Wounded Knee Creek. This battle marked one of the final conflicts in the Black Hills War.

2. On August 19, 1812, a group of British and Indian troops attacked Fort Dearborn (now Chicago) during the War of 1812. The fort was destroyed and most of the American soldiers and settlers were killed.

3. In 1927, Ellsworth Air Force Base was first established in Rapid City, South Dakota. The base has played a significant role in American military operations, including the Cold War, Gulf War, and War in Afghanistan.

4. On August 19, 1939, the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks was created by the state legislature. The department is responsible for managing wildlife resources and providing opportunities for hunting, fishing, and outdoor recreation in South Dakota.

5. In 1970, the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council declared a state of emergency on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in response to deteriorating social and economic conditions. This declaration marked the beginning of the American Indian Movement's occupation of Wounded Knee, which lasted for 71 days.