1. Statehood Day: On August 31, 1912, Arizona was admitted as the 48th state of the United States. This day is celebrated as Statehood Day in Arizona.

2. Record High Temperature: On August 31, 1995, the town of Lake Havasu City recorded a temperature of 128°F (53°C), which remains the hottest temperature ever recorded in Arizona.

3. Indian Reorganization Act: On August 31, 1934, the Indian Reorganization Act was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The act allowed Native American tribes to form their own governments and manage their own affairs.

4. Grand Canyon National Park: On August 31, 1916, President Woodrow Wilson signed the bill making the Grand Canyon a national park. The Grand Canyon is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Arizona and the United States.

5. Barry Goldwater Born: On August 31, 1909, Barry Goldwater, a five-term senator from Arizona and the Republican nominee for president in 1964, was born in Phoenix. Goldwater was known for his conservative views and opposition to big government.