1. On December 5, 1848, King Kamehameha III declared the first Constitution of Hawaii, establishing a constitutional monarchy and granting more rights to the common people. This was a significant step in Hawaii's history towards democracy.

2. In 1933, on the same date, the Mauna Loa volcano erupted, the biggest volcanic eruption in Hawaii in the 20th century. This event changed the face of the island, covering vast areas with lava, affecting wildlife, and destroying homes and structures.

3. December 5, 1941, was the eve of Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. The day before the attack, President Franklin D. Roosevelt sent a telegram warning of an imminent attack, which was received late due to a typist error. This delay might have contributed to the devastating event that followed.

4. In 1993, on December 5, the US Senate voted to apologize for the US government's involvement in the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1893. This was a significant step towards reconciliation and recognition of Hawaiian sovereignty.

5. On December 5, 2013, the Mauna Kea Observatories celebrated their 40th anniversary, marking four decades of groundbreaking astronomical discoveries and research by scientists from around the world. This event highlighted Hawaii's importance in the field of astronomy and space exploration.