1. Birth of Abraham Lincoln: February 12, 1809, marks the birth anniversary of former American President Abraham Lincoln, who is often referred to as one of the greatest Presidents in American history. Though Lincoln never visited Idaho, his legacy has a significant impact on the state, especially during the Civil War.

2. Establishment of the Idaho National Laboratory: On February 12, 1949, the US Atomic Energy Commission established the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in Idaho Falls, Idaho. The INL is a science and technology research facility that focuses on nuclear energy, renewable energy, and national security research.

3. First State Capitol Building: On February 12, 1864, the Idaho Territory Legislative Assembly approved the construction of the first State Capitol Building in Boise, Idaho. The building was completed in 1869 and served as the seat of government for the Idaho Territory until the state was admitted to the Union in 1890.

4. Winter Olympics: February 12, 2002, marks the day when American bobsledders Chris Klug and Jill Bakken won the gold medal in the 2-person bobsled event at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah. Although not in Idaho, this event brought pride to all Americans and further cemented the Western United States' status as a great winter sports destination.

5. Discovery of silver in the Coeur d'Alene Mountains: On February 12, 1884, prospectors William Bradley and Moses Splawn discovered silver in the Coeur d'Alene Mountains of northern Idaho. This discovery led to a massive silver and lead mining boom in the region, turning it into one of the richest silver mining regions in the world. The mining industry helped shape Idaho's economy and contributed significantly to the state's growth and development.