1. Battle of Trenton: On January 3, 1777, General George Washington led an attack on Hessian troops in Trenton, New Jersey, just across the Delaware River from Pennsylvania. The surprise attack, which began in the early morning hours, resulted in an American victory and boosted morale for the Continental Army.

2. First US Commercial Bank: The Bank of North America, the first commercial bank in the United States, was established in Philadelphia on January 3, 1782. The bank initially issued loans to the government to finance the ongoing Revolutionary War.

3. First Women's Club: The first women's club in the United States, called the Sorosis Club, was founded in New York City on January 3, 1868. The club was instrumental in advocating for women's suffrage, education, and civic reform. Many of its members were from Pennsylvania.

4. First American Astronomer: On January 3, 1768, David Rittenhouse, America's first professional astronomer, observed the transit of Venus across the Sun from his home in Norriton, Pennsylvania. He went on to conduct important astronomical research and served as the first director of the United States Mint.

5. Philadelphia Museum of Art: The Philadelphia Museum of Art opened to the public on January 3, 1928. The museum, which is located on a hill overlooking the Schuylkill River, is home to more than 240,000 works of art, including one of the largest collections of American art in the world.