1. On January 4, 1826, the Granite Railway in Quincy, Massachusetts, became the first commercial railroad in the U.S. The railway was necessary for transporting granite from the quarries to the coast for shipment to other locations, including New Hampshire.

2. The New Hampshire Historical Society was founded on January 4, 1823. The society's mission is to preserve and share the history and culture of New Hampshire for future generations.

3. On January 4, 1943, the World War II bombing of Berlin by the Allied forces began. Many soldiers from New Hampshire served in the war effort, including the famous 603rd Tank Destroyer Battalion.

4. The New Hampshire State House, located in Concord, was dedicated on January 4, 1819. The State House serves as the home of the state's legislative and executive branches and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

5. On January 4, 1959, Israel declared the city of Jerusalem to be its capital. New Hampshire has a strong Jewish community, and many residents have supported Israel's right to self-determination throughout the country's history.