1. In 1945, the world's first atomic bomb was successfully tested at Alamogordo, New Mexico. This event marked the beginning of the atomic age and played a significant role in World War II. The success of the Manhattan Project was a turning point in history, and Texas played a significant role in its development.

2. In 1885, the City of Houston was officially incorporated. Houston is the largest city in Texas and the fourth-largest city in the United States. It is known for its cultural diversity, thriving business community, and thriving arts scene.

3. In 1969, Apollo 11 launched from Cape Kennedy, Florida, carrying astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins. The spacecraft successfully landed on the moon four days later, and Armstrong made his famous "one small step for man" speech, which was heard around the world. This event marked the beginning of the space race and cemented the United States' dominance in space exploration.

4. In 1875, former Texas Ranger John Wesley Hardin was arrested for the murder of Sheriff Charles Webb. Hardin was one of the most notorious outlaws of the Wild West, reportedly killing more than 40 men during his life of crime. He spent much of his life in and out of prison before being fatally shot by a lawman in 1895.

5. In 1923, the Texas Rangers were officially named as the state's law enforcement agency. The Rangers are one of the oldest law enforcement agencies in the United States, and they have a storied history of fighting crime in Texas. They are known for their bravery, resourcefulness, and unwavering dedication to justice. Today, the Texas Rangers continue to serve as one of the state's most respected and admired law enforcement agencies.