1. July 20, 1790: The Residence Act was passed, which established the federal capital district of the United States, later known as Washington D.C.

2. July 20, 1861: During the Civil War, Union forces under General Irvin McDowell were defeated by Confederate forces at the First Battle of Bull Run in Virginia, which helped shape the course of the war.

3. July 20, 1923: The US Senate ratified the Treaty of Lausanne, which officially ended the state of war between Turkey and the Allied Powers after World War I.

4. July 20, 1969: Astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin became the first humans to walk on the moon during the Apollo 11 mission.

5. July 20, 2012: A deadly shooting occurred at a movie theater in Aurora, Colorado, during a midnight screening of The Dark Knight Rises, killing 12 people and injuring dozens more.