1. On July 30, 1610, the Governor of New Mexico, Pedro de Peralta, founded the city of Santa Fe, making it the oldest capital city in the United States.

2. In 1870, the first issue of the Las Vegas Daily Optic was published on July 30, making it the oldest daily newspaper in the state of New Mexico.

3. On July 30, 1880, the famous outlaw Billy the Kid escaped from the Lincoln County Jail in New Mexico by killing two guards and fleeing on horseback.

4. In 1933, on July 30, the Military Reservation of White Sands was established in New Mexico, which later became the White Sands Missile Range and a major testing site for nuclear weapons.

5. July 30, 1956, marked the dedication of the Carlsbad Caverns National Park in New Mexico, home to one of the largest cave systems in the world, with over 117 known caves and underground passageways.