1. In 1945, the world's first atomic bomb test, code-named Trinity, took place in Alamogordo, New Mexico. This event marked a major milestone in the development of nuclear weapons and led to the United States' use of atomic bombs in World War II.

2. On July 9, 1850, the United States Congress passed the Compromise of 1850, which admitted California as a free state and established the territories of Utah and New Mexico. This compromise helped to ease tensions between the North and South over the issue of slavery.

3. In 1912, New Mexico was admitted to the Union as the 47th state. As a result, July 9 is now recognized as New Mexico's statehood day.

4. On July 9, 1962, the first test launch of a Minuteman I intercontinental ballistic missile was conducted at Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico. This marked a significant advancement in the United States' nuclear arsenal and the beginning of the Cold War arms race.

5. The town of Mesilla, located in southern New Mexico, played a significant role in the state's history. On July 9, 1854, the Mesilla Valley was ceded from Mexico to the United States as part of the Gadsden Purchase. Mesilla was also the site of the trial and sentencing of Billy the Kid in 1881.