1. In 1803, the Louisiana Purchase Treaty was signed between the United States and France, officially transferring the Louisiana Territory to American control. This historic agreement, which took effect on December 20 of that year, greatly expanded the boundaries of the U.S. and played a major role in shaping the future of Missouri and several other states.

2. On May 2, 1861, Camp Jackson, a Confederate training camp located in St. Louis, was surrounded and captured by Union forces. The incident was a significant moment in the early days of the Civil War, and was widely seen as a turning point in Missouri's political and military allegiances.

3. In 1927, a catastrophic flood swept across the state of Missouri, causing widespread devastation and loss of life. The flood waters reached record levels and destroyed thousands of buildings and homes in towns and cities along the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers.

4. In 1943, the United States Army opened a new training and mobilization center in Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. Over the years, the base has served as a key site for military operations and training, including support for the Vietnam War and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.

5. On May 2, 1980, a group of prison inmates at the Missouri State Penitentiary in Jefferson City staged a violent riot that lasted for several days. The uprising resulted in the deaths of four inmates and caused extensive damage to the prison facility. The incident prompted wide-ranging reforms in the state's prison system, including improved conditions and greater oversight.