1. Columbus Day: October 12 is observed as Columbus Day in the United States, celebrating Christopher Columbus's arrival in the Americas on this day in 1492. While controversial due to the colonization and mistreatment of Indigenous peoples that followed, Columbus Day continues to be celebrated in many parts of Texas and the country.

2. Texas State Fair: October 12 marks the opening day of the annual Texas State Fair in Dallas, which attracts millions of visitors each year. The fair showcases the best of Texas agriculture, food, entertainment, and culture, and features a famous auto show and carnival rides.

3. Austin City Limits Music Festival: The first Austin City Limits Music Festival began on October 12, 2002, in Zilker Park, Austin. The music festival has since grown into one of the largest and most popular events of its kind, featuring diverse musical acts from around the world.

4. Space Exploration: On October 12, 1978, NASA astronaut William Pogue became the first Texan in space as part of the Skylab 4 mission. Pogue was born in Okemah, Oklahoma but grew up in Texas and attended Texas A&M University before joining NASA.

5. Texas Revolution: On October 12, 1835, Texan forces led by Stephen F. Austin captured the town of Gonzales in the first battle of the Texas Revolution. The conflict between Texas colonists and Mexican forces would ultimately lead to Texan independence and the formation of the Republic of Texas.