1. On October 23, 1863, the Battle of Bear Springs took place in the Arizona Territory. A group of Apache warriors attacked a group of California Volunteers, resulting in a two-day battle that left several soldiers dead and wounded.

2. The Phoenix Symphony made its debut performance on October 23, 1947, at the Phoenix Union High School auditorium. The symphony has since grown into one of the largest orchestras in the United States, performing at the Phoenix Symphony Hall.

3. Arizona State University was founded on October 23, 1885, as the Territorial Normal School. The school was renamed Arizona State Teachers College in 1925 and has since expanded into a world-renowned research university.

4. On October 23, 1905, the Grand Canyon became a national monument by presidential proclamation. It was later designated as a national park in 1919.

5. The Arizona Diamondbacks won their first World Series on October 23, 2001, defeating the New York Yankees in Game 7. The Diamondbacks became the fastest expansion team to win a championship, doing so in their fourth year of existence.