1. In 1781, British soldiers, led by Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton, attacked Fort Mifflin in Philadelphia during the Revolutionary War. The fort, which was defended by American soldiers, held out for days before finally surrendering to the British.

2. In 1869, John A. Roebuck, a Pennsylvania businessman, patented a process for making steel rails. This innovation helped to revolutionize the railroad industry by making rails that were stronger and more durable than previous versions.

3. In 1928, the first flight of a commercial passenger plane took off from Pittsburgh International Airport. The plane, a Boeing 80A, flew from Pittsburgh to Chicago, marking a major milestone in the history of air travel.

4. In 1970, a massive anti-war protest took place in Washington, D.C., with thousands of demonstrators gathering to oppose the Vietnam War. Many Pennsylvanians were among the protesters, including students from universities across the state.

5. In 2012, Hurricane Sandy hit Pennsylvania, causing widespread power outages and flooding throughout the state. The storm, which was one of the costliest in U.S. history, resulted in billions of dollars in damage and several fatalities across the Eastern Seaboard.