1. In 1910, William Allen White, a prominent Kansas journalist and political commentator, delivered his famous "What's the Matter with Kansas?" speech in Topeka. In the speech, White criticized the state's political corruption and called for reforms to address issues such as child labor and the power of corporate interests.

2. On October 9, 1918, the deadliest tornado in Kansas history struck the town of Clovis. The tornado killed 109 people and caused widespread destruction in the area.

3. The Kansas State Capitol building in Topeka was dedicated on October 9, 1903. The building, which features a distinctive copper dome and murals depicting Kansas history, remains a popular tourist destination.

4. In 1888, Susan B. Anthony visited Topeka and spoke at the state capitol in support of women's suffrage. Anthony's advocacy and activism helped pave the way for the eventual passage of the 19th Amendment, which granted women the right to vote.

5. On October 9, 1963, the University of Kansas basketball program honored former coach Phog Allen by dedicating a new basketball arena in his name. Allen, who coached at Kansas from 1907 to 1956, led the Jayhawks to three national championships and is considered one of the greatest coaches in college basketball history.