1. On September 19, 1804, the Mississippi Territory was established by the United States Congress. The territory included present-day Mississippi and Alabama and played a significant role in the history of the American South.

2. In 1881, the first public school for African Americans in Mississippi opened in Jackson. The school was named the Colored School and was created to provide educational opportunities for black children who had previously been denied access to public education.

3. September 19, 1863, marked the beginning of the Siege of Vicksburg during the American Civil War. The city was a strategic location for both Union and Confederate forces, and the siege lasted for over six weeks before the Union Army emerged victorious.

4. The Mississippi Flood of 1927, one of the deadliest and most destructive natural disasters in American history, began on September 19, 1926. The flood affected more than seven states, including Mississippi, and caused widespread devastation, displacing hundreds of thousands of people and causing billions of dollars in damages.

5. On September 19, 1962, James Meredith became the first African American student to enroll at the University of Mississippi. The decision to allow Meredith to attend the previously all-white university sparked violent protests and riots, and the school was eventually integrated with the help of federal troops. This event played a significant role in the broader civil rights movement of the 1960s.