1. On January 19, 1847, the Battle of Santa Cruz de la Cañada took place between U.S. troops led by General Stephen W. Kearny and Mexican forces in what is now New Mexico. The battle resulted in a U.S. victory and solidified American control over the region.

2. In 1915, New Mexico Governor William C. McDonald declared January 19 to be "Pueblo Day" in honor of the state's Native American communities. The proclamation aimed to promote greater understanding and appreciation of the Pueblo culture and traditions.

3. On January 19, 1937, the University of New Mexico's new student center, now known as the UNM Student Union Building, opened to the public. The building has since become a central hub for campus life and activities.

4. The first atomic bomb was tested at the Trinity Site, located in southern New Mexico, on July 16, 1945. However, the site was officially designated a national historic landmark on January 19, 1975, recognizing its historical significance as the birthplace of the atomic age.

5. In 1987, New Mexico Governor Garrey Carruthers declared January 19 to be "Martin Luther King Jr.-Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Day" in honor of the two civil rights leaders, both of whom were assassinated. The day is still observed in the state as a way to celebrate their legacies and promote civil rights and social justice.