1. In 1862, Union forces under General George Thomas won a decisive victory over Confederate troops at the Battle of Mill Springs. This battle is considered one of the first significant Union victories in the Western Theater of the American Civil War.

2. In 1933, Kentucky Governor Ruby Laffoon signed the "Day Law" which prohibited the teaching of evolution in public schools. The law was later overturned in court and is seen as a failed attempt to promote religious education.

3. On January 30, 1948, civil rights leader and Kentucky native Martin Luther King Jr. gave his first major public speech at a rally in Montgomery, Alabama. The speech called for nonviolent resistance to systemic racism and inequality.

4. In 1953, a devastating F4 tornado tore through the town of Adairville, Kentucky, killing 13 people and injuring more than 200. The storm caused widespread damage and is still remembered as one of the deadliest tornadoes in Kentucky history.

5. On January 30, 1976, the Kentucky Wildcats basketball team suffered a shocking upset loss to the Indiana Hoosiers in what became known as the "Game of the Century". The game featured future NBA stars like Scott May, Quinn Buckner, and Rick Robey, and is often cited as one of the greatest college basketball games of all time.