1. The University of Kansas was founded on October 2, 1863. Originally established as a state university, it is now a public research institution with a strong reputation in fields such as medicine, law, and business.

2. The Baxter Springs Massacre occurred on October 2, 1863, during the American Civil War. Confederate guerrillas attacked Union soldiers and civilians in the town of Baxter Springs, killing nearly 100 people. The incident is considered one of the most brutal reprisals against Union sympathizers during the war.

3. The first manned hot air balloon flight in Kansas took place on October 2, 1876. Aeronauts Charles E. Durant and William Van Sickle ascended from Topeka and traveled 20 miles before landing near Olathe. Their flight marked the beginning of a new era of aviation in the Sunflower State.

4. On October 2, 1902, the first modern oil well in Kansas was drilled. Located near Neodesha, the well produced a small amount of oil, but its success sparked a rush of drilling across the state. Kansas eventually became a major oil-producing state, with over 74,000 wells drilled to date.

5. The Kansas City Royals won their first American League pennant on October 2, 1980. Led by stars like George Brett and Willie Wilson, the Royals defeated the New York Yankees in a dramatic playoff series. Although they lost the World Series to the Philadelphia Phillies, the Royals' success helped cement their place as a beloved franchise in the state.